Wat Pathumwihaan of Baan Maalaj : a study of Siamese and Chinese Buddhists in a Malay State

Theravada Buddhism is the religion of the Siamese of Kelantan, but it is also adhered to by the majority of the rural Chinese population of the state. This study establishes that it is through their identification with Buddhism that the Siamese have been able to assert their ethnic identity vis-a-vis other groups in the larger society, namely the majority Malays who are Muslims, and the Chinese. Siamese conception of and commitment to the Buddhist religion differ considerably from that of the Chinese as demonstrated by the fact that on the whole Theravada Buddhism is perpetuated and maintained by an exclusively Siamese religious elite, consisting of monks, ex-monks and ritual specialists. Together they become the custodians of the sacred knowledge of the religion and the keepers of the Siamese Buddhist tradition. Although the Chinese appear to be very supportive of the temple and monkhood they are not normally as fully committed to the religion as the Siamese are. This study examines the social organisation of a Buddhist temple in order to demonstrate the level of commitments and involvement of the Siamese in maintaining the continuity of a Theravada tradition. It concludes by showing that even though Buddhism finds support particularly among the rural Kelantan Chinese, it is among the Siamese that it flourishes and becomes crucial and meaningful because it underwrites the very basis of Siamese ethnic identity. The continuity of Theravada Buddhist tradition ensures such identity

Geothermics of the Malay basin, offshore Malaysm

A review of the temperature, thermal conductivity and heat flow data of the Malay Basin has been carried out by analysing data from fifty nine exploration wells. The thermal conductivity of each well have been determined from logs which has been calibrated to measured thermal conductivity of cores. The formation temperature of the well at logging depth has been estimated by Horner plot by using a new model for derivation of effective circulation time. The effective circulation time has been approximated empirically from the well log data. Revised heat flow, geothermal gradient and thermal conductivity maps of the Malay Basin have been constructed from the new data. A vertical thermal profile of the basin has been analysed. The heat flow anomalies have been observed from the a real as well as vertical profiles of heat flow. The Malay Basin is found to have an average heat flow of 86 mWm(^2-) The average geothermal gradient is 47ºC/km. Both the heat flow and geothermal gradient are high. The heat flow varies over the basin, with regional highs in the Northwest, South and Central portions and a lower heat flow in the Southeastern part and Northeast peripherals. The anomalous heat flow is found to be related to the subsurface fluid movement and the overpressures. The temperature is not related to the top of onset of overpressures directly, however the various mechanisms of overpressuring can be speculated from the regional distribution of the temperatures at tops of the overpressures. Thermal maturity modelling has been carried out for selected wells. It was found that the basin thermal history can be matched to a rifted basin thermal model

Effect of irradiance on growth, physiological processes and yield of melon (Cucumis mela) plants grown in hydroponics

The effect of different irradiance levels on melon (Cucumis mela) cv. Birdie, Charity Ball and Jade Dew grown in hydroponics was investigated. Plants were exposed to mean daily irradiance levels of 11.4,8.2, 6.1 and 3.0 MJ m-2 day-1 achieved by using different levels of shade. The dry matteryield appeared to be directly proportional to the irradiance level received by plants. Stomatal conductance and photosynthetic rate were highest when the plants were grown under the highest irradiance level. Plants grown under 11.4 MJ m-2aI had the highest fruit fresh weight and total soluble solids. All cultivars failed to fruit when grown under irradiance of 3.0 MJ m-2aI

Middle East and African Student (MEAS) perceptions of Islam and Islamic moderation: a case study

Islamic Moderation is such a fundamental concept that without it understanding faith is inadequate at best. Muslims are required by definition of the term ‘Muslim’ to remain on the middle path in everything pertaining to the life ways. They must not overstep the bounds (tafrit) and become trapped in the extremist quagmire (ifrat). As an Islamic doctrine par excellence, moderation inherently finds solutions for injustice and the violation of human rights. Nonetheless, some schools of Islamic thought (madhhabs) attend extremist ideology, particularly those of Middle East and African savour. These have spread a frightful spirit of intolerance throughout the world that has indelibly blackened Islam’s image by choosing to deny Islam’s characteristic spirit of moderation. In so doing, they marginalize any proper implementation of authentic Islam and block all corrective political discourse. Militant radicals clearly neglect moderation as a doctrinal position that is traditionally essential to the creed. This paper presents a broad exposure to Islam’s middle path with a focus on 192 respondents in a survey taken by Middle Eastern and African students (MEAS) studying in Malaysia. Qualitative and quantitative approaches were used to achieve four significant findings indicating these students do not understand the nature of being a good Muslim

Sexual harassment in context of Malaysia

Sexual harassment is a form of sex discrimination or unwelcome sexual action includes verbal or physical touch that can affect the individual’s employment, work performance and others including physical and mental health. Sexual harassment may occur in many condition or situation such as between opposite gender or with the same gender. The victim may be the superior, co-worker, an agent or to a non-employee (U. S. E. E. O. Commission, n.d.). Sexual harassment also not an action with interactivity, friendship or teasing that is mutually agreed (V. E. O. & H. R. Commission, n.d.). However, there are two types of sexual harassment, “quid pro quo” (this for that) and hostile environment. For “quid pro quo”, this occur when it is stated or implied that an individual must agree to conduct a sexual nature in order to get promotion. Other that, hostile environment occur when there is unwelcome action of a sexual nature create frighten, abusive working or threatening that can affect the individual’s ability to participate or perform their task (Center, n.d.)

Teori pascamoden dan krisis sosial: Penjelasan teori ke atas fenomena sosial

Kertas kerja ini akan membincangkan beberapa teori pemikiran postmodernism dan cuba mengenalpasti elemen-elemen utama teori tersebut. Turut dibincangkan ialah mengenai perubahan pemikiran dalam era pascamoden dan implikasi pemikiran tersebut ke atas fenomena sosial hari ini. Kejatuhan teori besar dan munculnya teori-teori kecil membawa kepada kemajmukan pemikiran dalam postmodernism sehingga menyebabkan rasionaliti perseorangan di angkat menjadi sebagai hukum dalam merasionalisasikan tindakannya dalam sesuatu komuniti dan masyarakat. Keadaan ini sedemikian dikaitkan dengan munculnya beberapa fenomena krisis sosial yang berleluasa akibat daripada pemikiran era pascamoden yang lebih bersifat mementingkan individu atau ahli masyarakat itu sendiri sehingga timbulnya krisis kepentingan di mana nilai individu itu melebihi kepentingan sesebuah masyarakat. Kertas ini akan mengaitkan masalah keteraturan sosial yang compang-camping disebabkan oleh kejatuhan grand theory ini. Beberapa isu akan diutarakan dan akan mengaplikasi beberapa pemikiran pascamoden dalam memahami krisis masyarakat. Akhir sekali implikasi ke atas masyarakat masa depan akan dibincangkan jika pemikiran sebegini dibiarkan berleluasa dan menjadi dogma pemikiran dalam sains sosial. Cadangan akan dibuat dalam mengurangkan dan mengawal pemikiran pascamoden agar komuniti mutmainnah dapat dibangunkan dan lebih bertolak ansur ke atas keperluan manusia sejagat

Stratigraphic Correlation of Devonian Sequences of Northwestern Darling Basin, New South Wales, Australia

The study is focused on the Northwestern part of theDarling Basin, and deals with a Stratigraphic correlation. Thisstudy involves correlation of the regional stratigraphy in theDarling Basin of western New South Wales that results fromdeformation of the Devonian sequences. The interpretation basedon well logs and lihological data. Integrating well and lithologicaldata to correlate the sequence stratigraphic units, using sequencestratigraphy approach are the main goals of this study. Analysesof lithostratigraphic units from well-logs and lithology data wereused to develop a stratigraphic correlation of the northwestDarling Basin. The stratigraphic boundaries of the intervals weredefined at marked changes in well-log characteristics andlithology information. Correlation of three wells in thenorthwestern part of Darling Basin allowed correlation andchronostratigraphic subdivision of Devonian sediments. Thelithofacies of three wells Bancannia North-1, Bancanna South-1and Jupiter-1 have been identified from northwest to southeast.The lithofacies dominated by sandstone and shale sedimentsmostly in Lower to Middle Devonian age, red sandstone, poroussandstone and shale lithofacies (red beds) of Middle to UpperDevonian sediments. Three stratigraphic units were identifiedbased on well logs characteristics and lithofacies namely A, B andC

Motives and accountants’ role for green accounting-reporting towards minimizing financial leakages / Haslinda Yusoff … [et al.]

The accounting and reporting practices on Malaysian business environmentally related matters are generally low and descriptive in form. The prevailing literature indicates that the motives behind green accounting and reporting (GAR) practices are primarily market-based. Thus, it is crucial to understand the reasons behind the low practices despite various supports from the government, regulatory bodies, professional bodies and others. At the individual level, the accountants can play a very significant role in pushing for GAR in their organizations. This study surveyed the current role of accountants pertaining to GAR using the survey method. mail and online questionnaires were sent to accountants and the survey responses were analysed using factor and regression analyses. Three key motivating factors emerged from the factor analysis, namely; (1) shareholders’ value (2) stakeholder engagement and regulatory pressure and (3) highly related to stakeholder engagement. The factor analysis also revealed two types of accountants’ role pertaining to (GAR), namely; (1) a mix of proactive, defensive and reactive (2) accommodative. The only significant organizational characteristics found to be statistically related to the motivating factors for GAR is the type of organization